There are two discussions here that need to be responded to thoroughly. Responses must be on APA format 150+words 1-2 legitimate verifiable sources per response.

CIS599 discussion 1 post responses.
Respond to the colleagues posts regarding:
“Cloud Computing” Please respond to the following:
• Consider the three component layers of cloud computing, and explain in your own words how each layer of technology is related. Ensure that each layer is addressed.
• Discuss how cloud computing can reduce costs while providing a robust technological environment to improve organizational effectiveness. Support your answer by using a specific business sector or industry (i.e., manufacturing, distribution, government, educational services, technology, and computing).

AY’s post states the following:
Consider the three component layers of cloud computing, and explain in your own words how each layer of technology is related. Ensure that each layer is addressed.

The 3 component layers of cloud computing, hardware virtualization, data and database management, applications and application development environment.

Hardware virtualization is the migration from physical machines and resources to virtual instances. This can save rental space, cooling and power costs. Depending on what model is used virtualization can also save the data owners costs of maintenance contracts and be provided on a pay as you use basis. In addition it is possible for virtual resources to be spun up and brought on line a lot quicker than hardware procurement and implementation on traditional physical resources.

Data and Database management gives the ability for companies to use vast amounts of storage without all of the traditional hardware, software and staffing that is required to manage onsite storage. In addition utilizing cloud data features with Big Data and date warehousing can enable companies to analyze data to provide informed business decisions and revenue.

Applications and application development, this is a very useful component for organizations with applications that need to be developed without interruption operational and production data. This allows for flexibility for quick development with cost reduction.

References: https://www.computerworld.com/article/3412253/best-cloud-based-relational-database-options-for-the-enterprise.html#slide2

https://www.netguru.com/services/cloud-application-development

Discuss how cloud computing can reduce costs while providing a robust technological environment to improve organizational effectiveness. Support your answer by using a specific business sector or industry (i.e., manufacturing, distribution, government, educational services, technology, and computing).

Cloud computing can reduce costs by eliminating the requirement for multiple local physical environments. The ability to virtualize physical machines, that can support multiple environments saves time, money and productivity. For example I work on a government contract that utilizes cloud environments allowing for massive data storage, multiple test and development environments and the ability to grow both the resources and the connectivity in a fraction of the time it would have taken on physical resources.

CIS599 discussion 2 post responses.
Respond to the colleagues posts regarding:
“Fundamental Design Principles” Please respond to the following:
• Explain how each fundamental design principle is integral to process improvement within the logistics and distribution industry.
• Explain why adhering to the four fundamental design principles are important considerations when developing secure applications.

AY’s post states the following:

Explain how each fundamental design principle is integral to process improvement within the logistics and distribution industry.

In examination of the 4 fundamental design principles it is evident of the role in the logistics and distribution industry. Start with the top-down design, design for coordination among participants, measure and report performance, utilize automation for coordination and process improvement.
(Lane , 2011)

1. The Top-Down Design requires determining what does is the business processes that make the business and bring in the revenue. In logistics and distribution industry it would consist of the supply chain life cycle, manufacturing of items or services, distribution, order processing.

Constitutive process example Win Client relationship
Pragmatic Expression example – Create process to procure products

1. Design for Coordination. In this principle it is vital to review the process to ensure satisfaction and working as expected.One such way to perform this is a commitment-based management process (CbM) The Preparation, Co-invention, Execution and satisfaction phases can identify weaknesses.

In logistics this could include creating a service order for a product, phase two is the customer agreeing to a purchase contract, phase 3 is the distribution of the goods and phase 4 could include a customer satisfaction survey.

1. Measure and Display. For Logistics this approach could entail measuring on time orders, and identifying issues with distribution, production, deliveries etc.
2. Automation- For Logistics automation could be a CRM that takes the order, follows through until delivery to customers.

References
Lane, D. (2011). The Chief Information Officer’s Body of Knowledge¯: People, Process, and Technology. Wiley.

Explain why adhering to the four fundamental design principles are important considerations when developing secure applications.

Secure application development requires process review and risk analysis. SafeCode recommends the high level workflow consist of identifying threats, identifying the security requires to address the threats, communicating the requirements, requirement validation and auditing.
The 4 fundamental design principles give the ability to refine secure design by process identification and top down design. One example where these design principles would be useful is for threat modeling.
https://safecode.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/SAFECode_Fundamental_Practices_for_Secure_Software_Development_March_2018.pdf