Empirical and Quantitative Reasoning
BIOL 1304 Dr. Standlee
Empirical and Quantitative Reasoning Signature Assignment
Purpose:
This clinical case study will help students develop Empirical and Quantitative Reasoning Skills. Upon completion of this case study the student will explore skills such as interpretation of data, be able to represent (conversion) of data, manipulation of data, analyze data, make assumptions and communication of data analysis. Students will work individually to complete the clinical case study and accurately make a diagnosis.
The following components will be considered when grading the assignment.
1. Interpretation
The ability of a student to accurately interpret data presented in the graph and to convert data into mathematical form such as in a graph. The student must also possess the ability to make inferences from data presented in graph form.
2. Representation
The student must be able to convert information provided into a mathematical form such as a graph. Mastery of this skill will require the student to compare the two graphs and draw conclusions.
3. Manipulation
Students will be required to manipulate data and perform calculations. Mastery of the skill will required a student to provide concise and clear calculations (include formulas and explain what each value represents) and the ability to draw conclusions based on the data.
4. Analysis
All data and facts presented in the case study will be used to provide thorough analysis and make an appropriate diagnosis. In addition to a diagnosis the student must defend the diagnosis using the data and facts presented.
5. Assumptions
During the completion of this case study students will be required to make assumptions when drawing conclusions. The student must clearly communicate the assumptions that are being made.
6. Communicate
The student will also be graded on their ability to communicate effectively. This means minimal use of direct quotes, but instead proper use of in-text citations when necessary. Mastery of this skill will require the student to fully comprehend the analysis of the case study and provide supporting facts and data for arguments. Proper grammar and correct use of scientific terminology will also be considered when grading the effectiveness of communication.
You will need to submit digital copies of the assignments via Blackboard this should be a Word Document or PDF.
· Submission
· TurnItIn
Answer the questions below, provide in-text citations.
Clinical Case: Respiratory System
Case Presentation:
Joe Smith is a 69-year-old male with a 50-year history of smoking 2 packs of cigarettes a day (i.e. 100-pack-year smoking history). Over the past 5 years, he has become increasingly short of breath. At first, he noticed this only when exercising, but now he is even short of breath at rest. Over the past two years, he has had several bouts of lower respiratory tract infection treated successfully with antibiotics. His shortness of breath has not subsided, and his breathing is assisted by use of his accessory muscles of respiration. Pulmonary function testing revealed the graph below:
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/ap/ap_casestudies/images/pftC.gif
Answer the following keeping in mind the components that will be considered when grading the assignment:
1. Observe the graph, identify what each axis represents and calculate the following (must show any/all calculations for full credit):
X axis-
Y axis-
Tidal volume-
Inspiratory reserve volume-
Expiratory reserve volume-
What do the values above represent?
2. Using the values above calculate Joes vital lung capacity. Be sure to explain the formula used and what each value represents.
3. Assuming a healthy individual draw a graph like the one above using the normal values for tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume and be sure to include the x-axis and y-axis.
4. Use the information you provided above and the graph you drew to answer the following question. What can you conclude about Joes lung physiology?
5. Analyze all information provided and make an appropriate diagnosis using supporting data and facts (be sure to include this for full credit).
6. Based on the diagnosis provided above describe the anatomical changes that have occurred within Joes lungs and how that contributes to some of the symptoms observed.
